The village of Lowville is composed of 1.9 square miles (1,204 acres) of land. The town contains the hamlets of Dadville and West Lowville. The town of Lowville is composed of 36.2 square miles (23,191 acres) of land. Lowville is approximately 25 miles southeast of the city of Watertown and approximately 50 miles north of the city of Utica. Neighboring municipalities include Harrisburg, Martinsburg, Watson, New Bremen, and Denmark.
The town encompasses approximately 37.8 square miles or 24,192 acres. The town and village of Lowville are in central Lewis County on the eastern edge of the Tug Hill plateau.